What is Epitalon?
Epitalon (also spelled Epithalon or Epithalone) is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. It is a synthetic analog of epithalamin, a peptide extract derived from the pineal gland. Epitalon is one of the most widely studied Khavinson bioregulatory peptides and has been investigated for its interactions with telomerase activity, melatonin production, and cellular senescence markers. The peptide has been the subject of extensive Russian biogerontology research spanning decades, with studies examining its effects on telomere biology, circadian rhythms, and aging-related gene expression. Epitalon is notable among bioregulatory peptides for the breadth of its published preclinical literature, including studies in cell culture, animal models, and limited human observational studies conducted in Russia.
Mechanism of Action
Epitalon has been investigated for its interactions with telomerase activity and pineal gland function. Researchers observed that Epitalon administration in cell culture models was associated with reactivation of telomerase (hTERT) expression in somatic cells that had undergone replicative senescence. Studies suggest that the peptide may influence telomerase through the proposed Khavinson mechanism of direct peptide-DNA interaction with hTERT promoter regions. In pineal gland research, Epitalon has been investigated for its effects on melatonin synthesis, with researchers observing changes in the expression of enzymes in the melatonin biosynthetic pathway, including AANAT (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase). The peptide has also been studied for its effects on circadian gene expression and neuroendocrine rhythms. In aging models, researchers observed that Epitalon administration was associated with changes in biomarkers of cellular senescence, including p16 and p21 expression, beta-galactosidase activity, and telomere length measurements over extended treatment periods.
Published Research
Telomerase Activation
Khavinson et al. (2003) investigated Epitalon in human fetal fibroblast cultures that had reached replicative senescence. Researchers observed reactivation of telomerase activity and continued cell division beyond the expected Hayflick limit in Epitalon-treated cultures compared to controls [1].
Pineal Function and Melatonin
Korkushko et al. (2007) investigated Epitalon in elderly subjects in a Russian clinical study. Researchers observed changes in nighttime melatonin peak levels and circadian rhythm parameters following a course of Epitalon administration [2].
Lifespan Studies
Anisimov et al. (2003) investigated Epitalon in a longitudinal mouse study. Researchers observed that chronic Epitalon administration was associated with changes in tumor incidence patterns and lifespan parameters compared to control groups [3].
Product Specifications
| Product | Epitalon Lyophilized Powder |
|---|---|
| Available Sizes | 50mg |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC verified) |
| CAS Number | 307297-39-8 |
| Sequence | Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₄H₂₂N₄O₉ |
| Molecular Weight | 390.35 g/mol |
| Appearance | White lyophilized powder in glass vial |
| Storage | Store lyophilized at -20°C. Reconstituted solution at 2-8°C, use within 21 days. |
| Testing | Third-party tested — Certificate of Analysis available |
Frequently Asked Questions
Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) from the Khavinson bioregulatory peptide family. It is studied for its interactions with telomerase activity and pineal gland function.
The CAS registry number for Epitalon is 307297-39-8.
Telomerase is an enzyme that adds DNA sequence repeats to telomeres (chromosome end caps). It is active in stem cells and germ cells but typically silenced in most somatic cells.
Store lyophilized Epitalon at -20°C. Once reconstituted, store at 2-8°C and use within 21 days.
Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide analog of epithalamin, which is a peptide complex extracted from the pineal gland. Epitalon represents the defined synthetic version with a known sequence.
Epitalon is studied in the context of telomerase biology, pineal function, melatonin pathways, circadian rhythms, and biogerontology in preclinical models.
References
- Khavinson VK, et al. Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003;135(6):590-592. PMID: 12937682
- Korkushko OV, et al. Normalizing effect of the pineal gland peptides on the daily melatonin rhythm in old monkeys and elderly people. Adv Gerontol. 2007;20(1):74-85.
- Anisimov VN, et al. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology. 2003;4(4):193-202. PMID: 14501183
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